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Basic structure of vacuum cleaner

Basic structure of vacuum cleaner


1. Power part: Vacuum cleaner motor and speed controller. The speed controller is separated from the control and machine control.
Motor: There are copper wire motors and aluminum wire motors.
Copper wire motors have advantages such as high temperature resistance, long lifespan, and long single operation time, but they are more expensive than aluminum wires; Aluminum wire motors have the characteristic of low price, but they have poor temperature resistance, low melting point, and a shorter lifespan than copper wires.
Governor: Manual control is generally used for adjusting the air damper; Machine controlled is a power operated handheld button or infrared adjustment.
2. Filtering system: dust bag, front filter, and rear filter. According to different filtering materials, it can be divided into paper, fabric, SMS, and HEPA high-efficiency filtering materials.
3. Functional parts: winding mechanism, dust full indicator, button or sliding switch.
4. Protection measures: dust-free bag protection, high vacuum protection, anti-interference protection (soft start), overheating protection, anti-static protection.
5. Accessories: Handle and hose, connecting pipe, floor brush, flat suction, round brush, bedsheet brush, sofa suction, hook, and shoulder strap.
6. Vacuum suction principle: The impeller of the vacuum cleaner is driven by an electric motor at high speed, which exhausts the air in the impeller from the fan at high speed, while continuously replenishing the air in the vacuum suction part into the fan. This may create a higher pressure difference with the outside world. The dust and dirt from the suction nozzle are sucked into the suction part with the air, and pass through the leakage device to collect the dust and dirt into the dust cylinder.
7. Original vacuum cleaner: The vast majority of vacuum cleaners come with an assembled brush head for cleaning floors and carpets. The suction vacuum cleaner will also be equipped with a series of cleaning brushes and nozzles to clean corners, curtains, sofas, and crevices.
8. Throat: All suction vacuum cleaners will be equipped with a hard throat to connect the cleaning soft throat and accessories.
9. Electric brush: The cleaning head of an internal vacuum cleaner is a special accessory of a hybrid vacuum cleaner.
10. Round brush head: also smaller suction nozzle, capable of 360 * rotation, convenient for cleaning furniture, fine mesh fabrics, etc.
11. Flat suction nozzle: also known as gap suction nozzle, it is a slender, flat hard suction nozzle. Especially suitable for cleaning wall edges, radiant radiators, corners, and shallow narrow areas.
12. Dust brush: Made of long and soft bristles, suitable for cleaning curtains, walls, etc.
A vacuum cleaner mainly consists of three parts: dust collection, dust suction, and dust filtration. It generally includes a series commutator motor, a centrifugal fan, a dust filter (bag), and dust suction accessories. The power of a general vacuum cleaner is 400-1000W or higher, while the power of a portable vacuum cleaner is generally 250W or lower. A vacuum cleaner can remove dust mainly because its "head" is equipped with an electric exhaust fan. There is a fan impeller on the shaft of the exhaust fan. After being powered on, the exhaust fan generates high suction and pressure at a speed of 500 revolutions per second. Under the action of suction and pressure, the air is discharged at high speed, and the air in the front suction part of the fan continuously replenishes the air in the fan, causing an instantaneous vacuum inside the vacuum cleaner and forming a negative pressure difference with the external atmospheric pressure. Under this pressure difference, dusty air is sucked in. Dust and other debris enter the dust filter bag sequentially through carpet or floor brushes, long pipes, bends, hoses, and hose joints. Dust and other debris remain in the dust filter bag, and the air is purified by the filter before being discharged from the rear of the body.

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